Treatment of overactive bladder and nocturia in very old patients is very important, but difficult. One has to differentiate between nocturnal polyuria and nocturia due to reduced bladder capacity as these conditions require different approaches. In the second part of this video, Prof. Giannantoni reviews first-line treatment which consists of behaviour modifications, rehabilitation programmes and control of fluid intake as well as second-line treatment with anticholinergics. She also talks about causes of low adherence to anticholinergic treatment and recommends options for improving adherence.